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Department of Medicine

Financial Literacy Curriculum

This in-depth program dives into the resources available to residents and junior faculty who are interested in learning more about how to manage their finances throughout their career at Brown.

Financial Literacy Curriculum

This in-depth program dives into the resources available to residents and junior faculty who are interested in learning more about how to manage their finances throughout their career at Brown.

The information provided in this program is for general educational purposes only and does not constitute legal, financial, business, or employment advice. The content is not intended to replace advice from qualified professionals. Participants should consult their own legal, financial, or other professional advisors regarding their specific circumstances. The views expressed are those of the presenter(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of any affiliated organization.

BASICS OF PERSONAL FINANCE

Link:
Overview - Video Curriculum on Financial Literacy

Presenter:

Dominick Tammaro, MD - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School

Description:

This is a brief video describing the structure and intent of the DGIM Financial Literacy Program – a great place to start for residents and junior faulty.

Take Home Message:

  • Our target audience is new interns and residents, as well as fellows and students. New faculty may find many of the topics here valuable as well.
  • Five General Categories:
    I. Basics of Personal Finance
    II. Saving & Retirement Planning
    III. Debt Management
    IV. Insurance
    V. Milestones

Additional Resources:

  • FDIC Smart Money for Young Adults Financial Literacy Curriculum.
  • The AAMC Financial Wellness Program.
  • The White Coat Investor – This has grown from a short paperback to a website/podcast/blog covering multiple personal finance topics and offering consultations.
  • Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Tools & Resources to Use with the People You Serve. - Although
    targeting financial professionals, this website has information to help non-financial professionals consider options for saving and managing money. 

Links:
Anatomy of a Paycheck - Entire Presentation

Subsections:

Anatomy of a Paycheck - Breaking Down Your First Paycheck

Anatomy of a Paycheck - Is There Anything Important I Should Double-Check on My Pay Stub?

Anatomy of a Paycheck - Understanding FICA, Federal Insurance Contributions Act

Anatomy of a Paycheck - How Moonlighting Affects Your Paycheck

Anatomy of a Paycheck - Understanding ADP, Automatic Data Processing

Anatomy of a Paycheck - How Are Reimbursements Reflected in My Payroll?

Presenters:
Matthew Genelin MD - PG2 Internal Medicine Resident, Alpert Medical School
Rayna Funes, Senior Payroll Manager, Brown Physicians Inc.

Description:

A payroll specialist from the Human Resources Office demystifies the information contained in a typical payroll statement and answers questions from an internal medicine resident regarding how to use the information contained in such a statement.

Take Home Message:

  • Payroll statements are organized into sections – salary, taxes, benefits, etc. It is important to check your statement each time to look for consistency and accuracy of salary and benefits.
  • Your end-of-year pay statement is important to review as it will inform you of the content of your annual “W-2” tax document. The W-2 reflects the summary of salary and taxes withheld during the preceding calendar year – your employer shares this information with the federal, state and local government agencies and you will use the information in preparing your annual tax return.
  • Some employers use payroll providers (such as ADP or Workday) to automate paychecks.
  • FICA is a tax withheld to fund your Medicare and Social Security benefits
  • Pay attention to these important documents!

Additional Resources:

  • How to Read a Pay Stub | Your Paycheck | Money Instructor…
  • Your paystub EXPLAINED! 

Links: 
Financial Education from Program Directors - Session A 
Financial Education from Program Directors - Session B

Presenters:

Session A:  
Ross Hilliard, MD – Internal Medicine Residency Director, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 
Patricia Ng, MD – Internal Medicine Residency Director, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University. Stony Brook, NY 11794-8434

Session B: 
Ravi Gupta, MD, MHA – Chief Medical Officer, NYU Langone – Suffolk

Description:

Residency Directors and trusted faculty mentors are often asked by their residents for life advice, including financial advice. While these individuals are usually not experts in this area, they have likely encountered similar questions and a range of outcomes over years of experience. In this module, we hear thoughtful financial and organizational guidance from internal medicine leaders who have years of experience looking out for the well-being of their residents.

Take Home Message:

  • A common theme throughout these modules is the importance of living within one’s means as a way to avoid financial peril.
  • An “emergency” fund (perhaps a better term is a “fund to cover unexpected large expenses such as a major auto repair bill…”) is an important initial saving step which will help avoid adding to high-interest credit card debt.
  • Balancing loan repayment with retirement saving is an important tug-of-war. The earlier one begins to save for retirement, the more time that money will have to grow.
  • Take advantage of any retirement savings employer matching programs – that’s part of your compensation. Failing to do so is like refusing to accept a birthday gift.
  • Disability insurance helps to protect the financial house you have built in the event of inability to work and earn income. This is an important strategy to protect your earning potential.

Additional Resources:

  • Ng, P. et. al. Money Talks: Pilot Financial Wellness Programs to Promote Positive Financial Planning Behaviors Among Residents  Acad Med 2022 Mar 1;97(3):380-384. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004429.  PMID: 34554942
  • FDIC Smart Money for Young Adults Financial Literacy Curriculum.
  • The AAMC Financial Wellness Program.  

Link: 
The Basics of Taxes

Presenters: 
Loree B. Dubois , CPA, MBA, Partner, Kahn, Litwin, Reza & Co., Providence, RI 
Dominick Tammaro, MD, MACP - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School

Description:

In this module, Ms. Dubois, an experienced tax advisor reviews the fundamentals of tax awareness and preparation. This information should help build sound tax practices and avoid supreises throughout your career.

Take Home Message:

  • The W-4 Form is the means by which you instruct your employer how much tax to withhold from your salary.
  • The W-2 form is received each January and summarizes the previous year’s income and witholdings.
  • Moonlighting income is often paid without having taxes withheld – taxes will need to be paid on this income, either at the time of filing your tax return or on a quarterly basis
  • Some expenses are tax-deductible and will serve to reduce your tax bill in a particular year.
  • Assistance in filing tax returns or obtaining assistance in tax planning ranges from do-it yourself software to working with an accountant/tax-professional.

Additional Resources:

  • RS Tax-Preparation tutorials
  • Tax 101. Understanding the Basics.  Empower.com
  • Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.  Taxes – Understanding the Basics.  

SAVINGS & RETIREMENT PLANNING

Link:  
Saving Strategies 101 - The Basics

Presenters:
Dominick Tammaro, MD - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School
Zach Morris, CFP. Strategic Retirement Partners, Providence, RI

Description: 
Zach Morris is a Certified Financial Planner and a Fiduciary at a firm which provides advice and guidance on personal
finance, savings and retirement planning. He answers questions and reviews the major priorities for developing a habit
of saving money to reach your goals.

Take Home Message:

  • Budgeting allows you to track what you spend your money on, an essential step in saving.
  • It is important to establish an Emergency Fund to pay for unforeseen important expenses like auto repairs. This
    allows your savings to remain intact and earning interest.
  • Reducing high-interest debt such as credit card balances and some student loans will allow you to redirect spending to
    other important goals and priorities. High interest rates will quickly interfere with your ability to save.
  • It is important to live within your means and incorporate savings, debt reduction, retirement savings and the
    maintenance of an emergency fund in your budget.
  • Automatic bank transfers make savings easy and…well, automatic. Pay yourself first (savings, etc.) and have fun with
    what’s left over.
  • While it is important to live in and fund “the moment”. Planning for the future is also important.

Additional Resources:

  • These Are The Steps To Manage Your Money | Personal Finance Basics. The Wealth Workshop.
  • Personal Finance Basics: Beginners Guide | Money Instructor.
  • How to Start Saving. Morningstar Europe. 

Link:  
Saving Strategies - Planning for Retirement

Presenter:

Dominick Tammaro, MD, MACP - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School 
Zach Morris, CFP. Strategic Retirement Partners, Providence, RI

Description:

Zach Morris is a Certified Financial Planner and a Fiduciary at a firm which provides advice and guidance on personal
finance, savings and retirement planning. In this video, he defines some common terminology and provides an
overview of retirement saving strategies, aimed at young adults.

Take Home Message:

  • Many residencies and most employers offer retirement plans with choices such as 401k or 403b accounts or IRAs.
    These are tax-deferred opportunities to begin early saving for retirement. The EARLIER one starts saving for
    retirement, the longer your money will have to grow over time.
  • Employer matching programs are an important component of compensation and it should be a priority to contribute
    enough to your retirement account to receive all of your employer’s match whenever possible.
  • Roth versions of retirement accounts and IRAs are after-tax retirement savings programs particularly suited to
    professionals just starting out in their careers since the money is taxed at a low rate while you are in a relatively lower
    tax bracket and can be withdrawn during retirement when your tax bracket will likely be higher.
  • Contributing to a retirement account, even at a low level, has a potential for excellent growth since it will have a very
    long time – decades – to grow.
  • Social Security payments are not meant to be the sole source of retirement income, making it important to take
    advantage of these self-funded tax-advantaged retirement savings opportunities.

Additional Resources:

  • How to Make Your Money Last. Jane Bryant Quinn. Simon & Shuster 2020. ISBN:1982115831
  • How to Retire: 20 lessons for a happy, successful, and wealthy retirement. Christine Benz. Harriman House
    2024. ISBN:1804090697

DEBT MANAGEMENT

Link:

Preparing for Student Loan Repayment After Graduation

Presenters:

Stephanie Hunt, M.Ed. Director of Financial Aid, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Jasmine Samuels, Associate Director of Financial Aid, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University

Description:

This comprehensive, detailed video covers an important and nuanced topic in a clear, organized manner. Anyone with medical school student debt should watch this video!

Take Home Messages:

  • Loan repayment policy changes with federal regulations – pay attention to mailings
  • Get Organized! Gather documentation from all of your loans, keep them organized in a file (files?), either on paper or electronic (if electronic, be sure to back up!)
  • Create a spreadsheet with your debts listed and tallied so that you can track what you owe.
  • Use the AAMC MLOC Calculator to collect your loans and provide a picture of what payment forecast you might be facing.
  • AAMC MLOC is more accurate for medical student debt than FSA Calculator.
  • Use the PSLF (Public Service Loan Forgiveness) program website to track your loan forgiveness eligibility and to certify your employment each year.
  • PSLF Success: The four R’s: Right Loan, Right Work Status, Right Employer, Right Repayment Plan

Repayment Options:

  • Repayment Plans:  RAP (Repayment Assistance Plan) or Tiered Standard Plans
  • At 12:00 min in video – see table of federal student loan pathways
  • Check out the AAMC and NASPA websites for the most current loan information.
  • Stay connected with your financial aid office – even after you have graduated!

Additional Resources:

  • AAMC Financial Information
  • NASPA
  • Federal Student Aid

INSURANCE

Link: 
Understanding Health Insurance

Presenters:
Julio Blasco Jimenez, MD, Internal Medicine Faculty, Alpert Medical School
Gabriel Shepherd, Director, HRIS & Benefits Administration, Brown Medicine

Description:

Mr. Gabriel Shepherd has been explaining the intracies of health insurance benefits to members of the Brown Medical Community for many years. In this module, Dr. Julio Blasco-Jimenez discusses some of the choices that young physicians must navigate in considering health insurance options and tradeoffs.

Take Home Message:

  • A common theme throughout these modules is the importance of living within one’s means as a way to avoid financial peril.
  • An “emergency” fund (perhaps a better term is a “fund to cover unexpected large expenses such as a major auto repair bill…”) is an important initial saving step which will help avoid adding to high-interest credit card debt.
  • Balancing loan repayment with retirement saving is an important tug-of-war. The earlier one begins to save for retirement, the more time that money will have to grow.
  • Take advantage of any retirement savings employer matching programs – that’s part of your compensation. Failing to do so is like refusing to accept a birthday gift.
  • Disability insurance helps to protect the financial house you have built in the event of inability to work and earn income. This is an important strategy to protect your earning potential.

Additional Resources:

  • Health Insurance Basics
  • Understanding Health Insurance - University of Oregon.
  • My Healthcare Finances

Link: COMING SOON!

Presenters:

Description:

Take Home Message:

Additional Resources:

Link: 
Long-Term Care Insurance

Presenters:
Dominick Tammaro, MD - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School
Joseph Imparato - Managing Director, Tucker & Shepley Benefits and Insurance

Description:

Approximately x% of Americans will need some type of long term care as they age, whether it be in the home, in an assisted living environment or nursing home. Medicare does not pay for such services. Options for payment in these largely private agencies are (a) to self-fund out of your savings, (b) purchase long-term care (LTC) insurance or hybrid Life/LTC insurance or (c) deplete your assets and rely on Medicaid for payment (nursing home only). Mr. Imparato explains the nature of LTC policies and the options available.

Take Home Message:

  • Long Term Care Insurance is a means of paying an insurance company to share the financial risk of funding such needs should they arise.
  • Long Term Care can be extremely expensive and cost varies by region
  • LTC insurance can be purchased as a stand-alone policy or as a hybrid life/LTC policy, with benefits paid upon death or the need for LTC payments. These are the most prevalent type of policy sold.

Additional Resources:

  • Retirement Answer Man Podcast Episodes 311-314
    Episodes 311-314 are a series focusing on long term Care. Although this series aired in 2020, it covers important basic principles and includes a discussion of the more prevalent hybrid LTC/Life Insurance policies.

Link: COMING SOON!

Presenters:

Description:

Take Home Message:

Additional Resources:

Link: COMING SOON!

Presenters:

Description:

Take Home Message:

Additional Resources:

MILESTONES

Link:
 COMING SOON!

Presenters:

Description:

Take Home Message:

Additional Resources:

Link:
 Top Ten Tips for Contract Review

Presenters:
Katie Evey, DO – PG3 Brown Internal Medicine Residency
Zain Alfanek, MD – PG4 Chief Resident Brown Internal Medicine Residency
Tammy Lederer – Chief Human Resources Officer, Brown Physicians, Inc.

Description:

Two senior residents in the midst of the job search process speak with Tammy Lederer, an experienced Human Resources director about the process of evaluating a contract in an early career setting.

Take Home Message:

  • When negotiating a contract, be aware of your value and what you bring to the organization to help your negotiation.
  • You can always ASK for items in your contract – it will not hurt. The prospective employer may say yes, no, or may propose an alternate solution which meets your needs as well as what you asked for initially.
  • Loan forgiveness programs vary from state-to-state and among institutions – online loan calculators will help you decide what you need and how to evaluate your compensation.
  • Do your homework – speak with other physicians in the group.
  • In person? Dress for success!

Additional Resources:

  • American Medical Association Transition to Practice Series

Link:
First-Time Home Buyers Part 1 - Laying the Groundwork
First-Time Home Buyers Part 2 - Choosing Your Realtor

Presenters:
Dominick Tammaro, MD - Vice Chair for Education, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School
Bonnie Lai - Realtor, Luxe Home Team, REMAX Real Estate Center
Charlie Fang - Realtor, Luxe Home Team, REMAX Real Estate Center

Description:

A team of greater-Boston area realtors with extensive experience working with recent residency graduates and new faculty share advice on how to look for, and most importantly, find a house or condo that’s right for you.

Take Home Message:

  • Realtors and Financial Advisors can help to determine whether rental or purchase is the best option for someone starting out in their careers. If the decision is made to purchase, the amount of house that one can afford does not mean that you should seek to spend the max. The advice of “Live within your means” remains applicable here.
  • The length of time one may live in a home is a critical determinant of the buy/rent decision.
  • Purchasing a home results in significant associated costs – “closing costs”, home insurance, personal mortgage insurance, utilities, real estate taxes – all of which must be considered in the purchase decision.

Additional Resources:

  • Investopedia.com
  • Nerdwallet.com - First time homebuyers guide.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Curriculum is the result of many hours of hard work and thoughtful effort by a number of talented individuals over the last 2 years. I extend my thanks to them here.

I want to thank the talented staff at Main Street Media in Providence. Producers Sara Boldt and Paul Houle, together with Videographer Alex Haggert, brought their considerable technical and aesthetic abilities to create uniformity of theme and clarity of message. And thanks to John Houle for creating such an outstanding team.

Drew Naumann, Web Production Specialist at Brown University Health, crafted a home for this curriculum that allows learners to easily access the material and modules and to identify the manner in which each module fits into the larger picture. Drew brings clarity and ease of navigation to our online presence.

I want to thank Dr. Louis B. Rice, Chair of the Department of Medicine at the Alpert Medical School at Brown University, for his support of this project and encouragement of my plans for it.

Finally, and most importantly, I wish to thank the many experts who contributed their knowledge, expertise and teaching skills to create this valuable curriculum. Each one did so with generosity and a shared appreciation for the importance of sharing this knowledge. The quality of their contributions is evident throughout this curriculum. I am grateful for their time, flexibility and good humor along the way.

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Providence RI 02912 401-863-1000

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Financial Literacy Curriculum